With the rapid proliferation of electronic devices, Nepal is facing a growing e-waste challenge. This article examines the current state of e-waste management, the risks posed by improper disposal, and the urgent need for a robust Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) framework to address this issue21.
The E-Waste Challenge
E-waste includes discarded electronic devices such as mobile phones, computers, televisions, and household appliances. As Nepal’s middle class grows and technology becomes more accessible, the volume of e-waste is increasing rapidly. Improper disposal of e-waste poses significant health and environmental risks, as these devices contain hazardous substances like lead, mercury, and cadmium2.
Current E-Waste Management Practices
Most e-waste in Nepal is handled by the informal sector, which lacks the capacity and technology to safely process these materials. Informal recyclers often dismantle devices in unsafe conditions, exposing themselves and their communities to toxic substances. There are few formal e-waste recycling facilities, and regulatory oversight is minimal2.
The Role of EPR in E-Waste Management
EPR is a proven policy tool for managing e-waste in developed countries. By holding producers accountable for the end-of-life management of their products, EPR encourages the development of collection and recycling systems, promotes eco-design, and reduces the environmental impact of electronic waste21.
- Producer Accountability: Manufacturers and importers are responsible for collecting and recycling e-waste.
- Framework Development: Nepal needs to develop a comprehensive EPR system for e-waste, including clear guidelines, targets, and enforcement mechanisms.
- Stakeholder Engagement: Successful implementation requires collaboration between government, industry, and civil society2.
Best Practices from Other Countries
- Germany and Japan: These countries have achieved high e-waste recycling rates through strong EPR frameworks, producer responsibility organizations, and public awareness campaigns2.
- India: India has implemented EPR regulations for e-waste, requiring producers to collect and recycle a certain percentage of their products.
Conclusion
A robust EPR framework is essential for managing e-waste in Nepal. By learning from international best practices and adapting them to the local context, Nepal can protect public health, reduce environmental pollution, and promote sustainable development.
References
Tribhuvan University Journal: "Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) in Nepal: A Transformative Policy Strategy for Sustainable Waste Management"
